Author: Linda M. Tapp, ALCM, CSP, CPTD
ISBN: 978-0-939874-39-2 / 978-0-939874-40-8
Format: Print and Digital
Publisher: American Society of Safety Professionals
Pages: 400
About the Author
Linda M. Tapp, ALCM, CSP, CPTD, is an award-winning occupational safety professional with more than 30 years of experience. She is the author of seven books about safety training, including SafetyFUNdamentals: 77 Games and Activities to Make Safety Training Great! Thousands of safety professionals around the world have learned how to make their safety training more effective through her workshops, online courses, books, and newsletters. To learn more or contact Linda, visit SafetyFUNdamentals.com.
Table of Contents
Preface xiii
List of Activities xvii
PART 1: Beyond the Basics
Chapter 1 Training Alone Is Not Enough 3
Measuring Retention and Transfer 7
Chapter 2 Why Safety Training Is Different 17
Safety Training Is Required by Standards 19
Safety Training Is Repeated 22
Training Diverse Audiences 24
Highly Technical and Site-specific Training 25
Practice Opportunities 25
Proving Training Effectiveness 26
Chapter 3 Challenges and Methods of Knowledge Transfer 41
The Training Transfer Problem 41
Near versus Far Transfer 43
Four Factors Contributing to Poor Transfer 44
The Nine Events of Learning 51
Levers of Transfer Effectiveness 53
Chapter 4 Will They Remember? 57
Three Deterrents to Remembering 57
Kirkpatrick Training Evaluations 63
Chapter 5 Accelerated Learning Principles 69
Accelerated Learning versus Traditional Learning 70
A Positive Affective State 71
Activity-centered Learning 74
Chapter 6 Introduction to Instructional Design 79
Instructional Design Systems 80
Externally Created Training 87
Chapter 7 Facilitation and Motivation 95
Self-determination Theory 105
Organizational Culture 107
Motivation to Pay Attention 109
PART 2: Make It Stick
Chapter 8 Preclass and Postclass Communication 117
Preclass Communication 117
The Transtheoretical Model 119
Communication of Objectives 120
Influencers and Subject Matter Experts 121
Postclass Communication 124
Five-minute Refreshers 125
Posttraining Follow-up 127
Chapter 9 Making It Real 135
Experiential Learning Activities 135
Error-exposure Training 143
Chapter 10 Repetition, Spacing, Retrieval Practice, and Interleaving 153
Chapter 11 Retrieval Methods 171
The Value of Evaluation 175
Retrieval Practice Options and Activities 176
Covert Retrieval Practice 178
Chapter 12 Microlearning and Chunking 181
Challenges and Benefits of Microlearning 181
Microlearning Defined 183
The Adaptability of Microlearning 183
Three Elements of Microlearning 184
Three Types of Engagement 185
Six Types of Microlearning 185
Designing Microlearning Programs 187
Technology Reinforces Microlearning 188
Microlearning Implementation 189
Microlearning and Gamification 190
Chapter 13 Predicting Results and Testing 199
Pause–Predict–Ponder 200
Using Prediction in Safety Training 201
Curiosity as a Training Tool 202
Tests as Learning Events 203
Forward Testing Effect 204
Chapter 14 Productive Failure 209
Vary Conditions of Practice 210
The Benefit of Being Wrong 210
Failure in Gamification 213
Chapter 15 Teamwork and Collaboration 217
Chapter 16 Games, Gamification, and Technology 229
Facilitation of Games 230
Technology and Gamification 231
Practical Information for All Games 233
PART 3: Applications and Activities
Chapter 17 Choosing the Right Activity 245
Training Design and Outcomes 248
Chapter 18 Error-Based Examples and Activities 257
Safety Sort Activities 260
Serious Error-based Games 263
Chapter 19 Sequencing Activities 267
Sequencing Activities and Accelerated Learning 267
Creating Sequencing Activities 268
Debriefing Sequencing Activities 270
Applying Variations to the Activity 271
Chapter 20 Sorting Activities 275
How to Use Sorting Activities 275
Sample Sorting Activities 277
Sorting by Probable Cause 279
Chapter 21 Repetition and Retrieval Activities 283
Repetition through Pre- and Postclass Communication 285
Clickers and Feedback 292
Chapter 22 Summarizing Activities 297
Sample Summarizing Activities 298
PART 4: Special Considerations
Chapter 23 Retention Techniques for Online Learning 313
Some Disadvantages of Online Training 316
Learning Theory and Online Training 316
Using Interactive Activities 319
Chapter 24 Image-Based Safety Training for Increased Retention 333
Images Reinforce Learning 335
Six Types of Drawings 336
Illiteracy and Non-Native Speakers 343
Sample Image-based Safety Training Activities 344
Chapter 25 Self-Learning and Retention Techniques for the Reader 359
Index 367
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